ETHICAL PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN ACUTE EPIDEMICS: THE PFIZER MENINGITIS STUDY IN NIGERIA AS AN ILLUSTRATION
Identifieur interne : 002831 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002830; suivant : 002832ETHICAL PROBLEMS IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH IN ACUTE EPIDEMICS: THE PFIZER MENINGITIS STUDY IN NIGERIA AS AN ILLUSTRATION
Auteurs : Emmanuel R. Ezeome [Nigeria] ; Christian Simon [États-Unis]Source :
- Developing World Bioethics [ 1471-8731 ] ; 2010-04.
English descriptors
- Teeft :
- Acute, Acute epidemic, Acute epidemic research, Acute epidemic situations, Acute epidemics, Acute nature, Adverse events, Anticipatory planning, Better treatment, Bioethics, Blackwell publishing, Christian simon, Clinical research, Collaborative partnership, Community consultation, Community engagement, Conduct research, Consent process, Data safety management boards, Drug administration, Emergency conditions, Emergency relief, Emmanuel, Epidemic, Epidemic research, Ethical issues, Ethical principles, Ethical requirement, Ethical research, Ethics committees, Ezeome, Federal government, Future epidemics, Good information management, Health policies, Healthcare, Healthcare services, Human subjects, Ibid, Independent review, Individual patients, Infectious diseases, International organization, Journal compilation, Kano state, Large numbers, Local community, Local people, Local staff, Macqueen buehler, Mass media, Medical research, Medical sciences, Medical supplies, Meningitis, Meningitis belt, Meningitis epidemic, Nigeria, Nigeria teaching hospital, Northern nigeria, Ongoing epidemic, Oral formulation, Other factors, Outbreak, Participant, Policy makers, Primary goal, Protocol, Public health, Public health intervention, Public health measures, Research collaboration, Research facilities, Research institute, Research interests, Research intervention, Research participants, Research question, Research questions, Research team, Researcher, Reserve university, Social value, Study population, Such research, Such settings, Trovan, Voluntary agencies, Washington post, World health organization, Yellow fever commission.
Abstract
The ethics of conducting research in epidemic situations have yet to account fully for differences in the proportion and acuteness of epidemics, among other factors. While epidemics most often arise from infectious diseases, not all infectious diseases are of epidemic proportions, and not all epidemics occur acutely. These and other variations constrain the generalization of ethical decision‐making and impose ethical demands on the individual researcher in a way not previously highlighted. This paper discusses a number of such constraints and impositions. It applies the ethical principles enunciated by Emmanuel et al.1 to the controversial Pfizer study in Nigeria in order to highlight the particular ethical concerns of acute epidemic research, and suggest ways of meeting such challenges. The paper recommends that research during epidemics should be partly evaluated on its own merits in order to determine its ethical appropriateness to the specific situation. Snap decisions to conduct research during acute epidemics should be resisted. Community engagement, public notification and good information management are needed to promote the ethics of conducting research during acute epidemics. Individual consent is most at risk of being compromised, and every effort should be made to ensure that it is maintained and valid. Use of data safety management boards should be routine. Acute epidemics also present opportunities to enhance the social value of research and maximize its benefits to communities. Ethical research is possible in acute epidemics, if the potential challenges are thought of ahead of time and appropriate precautions taken.
Url:
DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-8847.2008.00239.x
Affiliations:
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While epidemics most often arise from infectious diseases, not all infectious diseases are of epidemic proportions, and not all epidemics occur acutely. These and other variations constrain the generalization of ethical decision‐making and impose ethical demands on the individual researcher in a way not previously highlighted. This paper discusses a number of such constraints and impositions. It applies the ethical principles enunciated by Emmanuel et al.1 to the controversial Pfizer study in Nigeria in order to highlight the particular ethical concerns of acute epidemic research, and suggest ways of meeting such challenges. The paper recommends that research during epidemics should be partly evaluated on its own merits in order to determine its ethical appropriateness to the specific situation. Snap decisions to conduct research during acute epidemics should be resisted. Community engagement, public notification and good information management are needed to promote the ethics of conducting research during acute epidemics. Individual consent is most at risk of being compromised, and every effort should be made to ensure that it is maintained and valid. Use of data safety management boards should be routine. Acute epidemics also present opportunities to enhance the social value of research and maximize its benefits to communities. Ethical research is possible in acute epidemics, if the potential challenges are thought of ahead of time and appropriate precautions taken.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Nigeria</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Ohio</li></region></list><tree><country name="Nigeria"><noRegion><name sortKey="Ezeome, Emmanuel R" sort="Ezeome, Emmanuel R" uniqKey="Ezeome E" first="Emmanuel R." last="Ezeome">Emmanuel R. Ezeome</name></noRegion></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Ohio"><name sortKey="Simon, Christian" sort="Simon, Christian" uniqKey="Simon C" first="Christian" last="Simon">Christian Simon</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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